Vehicle Monitoring and Security System
What if the person
traveling can be tracked and also secured in the case of an emergency?!
Fantastic, isn’t it? Of course it is and here’s a system that functions
as a tracking and a security system. It’s the VMSS. This system can deal
with both pace and security.
The VMSS (Vehicle
Monitoring and Security System) is a GPS based vehicle tracking system
that is used for security applications as well. The project uses two
main underlying concepts. These are GPS (Global Positioning System) and
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication). The main application of
this system in this context is tracking the vehicle to which the GPS is
connected, giving the information about its position whenever required
and for the security of each person travelling by the vehicle. This is
done with the help of the GPS satellite and the GPS module attached to
the vehicle which needs to be tracked. The GPS antenna present in the
GPS module receives the information from the GPS satellite in NMEA
(National Marine Electronics Association) format and thus it reveals the
position information. This information got from the GPS antenna has to
be sent to the Base station wherein it is decoded. For this we use GSM
module which has an antenna too. Thus we have at the Base station; the
complete data about the vehicle.
Along with tracking the vehicle, the system is used for security applications as well. Each passenger/employee will have an ID of their own and will be using a remote containing key for Entry, Exit and Panic. The Panic button is used by the driver or the passenger so as to alert the concerned of emergency conditions. On pressing this button, an alarm will be activated which will help the passenger/employee in emergencies and keep them secure throughout the journey. The vehicle can also be immobilized remotely.
Along with tracking the vehicle, the system is used for security applications as well. Each passenger/employee will have an ID of their own and will be using a remote containing key for Entry, Exit and Panic. The Panic button is used by the driver or the passenger so as to alert the concerned of emergency conditions. On pressing this button, an alarm will be activated which will help the passenger/employee in emergencies and keep them secure throughout the journey. The vehicle can also be immobilized remotely.
INTRODUCTION:
Of all the
applications of GPS, Vehicle tracking and navigational systems have
brought this technology to the day-to-day life of the common man. Today
GPS fitted cars, ambulances, fleets and police vehicles are common
sights on the roads of developed countries. Known by many names such as
Automatic Vehicle Locating System (AVLS), Vehicle Tracking and
Information System (VTIS), Mobile Asset Management System (MAMS), these
systems offer an effective tool for improving the operational efficiency
and utilization of the vehicles.
GPS is used in the
vehicles for both tracking and navigation. Tracking systems enable a
base station to keep track of the vehicles without the intervention of
the driver whereas navigation system helps the driver to reach the
destination. Whether navigation system or tracking system, the
architecture is more or less similar. The navigation system will have
convenient, usually a graphic display for the driver which is not needed
for the tracking system. Vehicle tracking systems combine a number of
well-developed technologies.
Let us briefly explain
how VMSS works. In order to monitor the vehicle, it is equipped with a
GPS-GSM VMSS system. It receives GPS signals from satellites, computes
the location information, and then sends it to the control center. With
the vehicle location information, the control center displays all of the
vehicle positions on an electronic map in order to easily monitor and
control their routes. Besides tracking control, the control center can
also maintain wireless communication with the GPS units to provide other
services such as alarms, status control, and system updates.
The design takes into
consideration important factors regarding both position and data
communication. Thus, the project integrates location determination (GPS)
and cellular (GSM) – two distinct and powerful technologies in a single
system.
VMSS is based on a PIC
microcontroller-based system equipped with a GPS receiver and a GSM
Module operating in the 900 MHz band. We housed the parts in one small
plastic unit, which was then mounted on the vehicle and connected to GPS
and GSM antennas. The position, identity, heading, and speed are
transmitted either automatically at user-defined time intervals or when a
certain event occurs with an assigned message (e.g.; accident, alert,
or leaving/entering an admissible geographical area).
The GPS Module outputs
the vehicle location information such as longitude, latitude, direction,
and Greenwich Time every five minutes. The GSM wireless communications
function is based on a GSM network established in a valid region and
with a valid service provider. Via the SMS provided by the GSM network,
the location information and the status of the GPS-GSM VMSS are sent to
the control center. Meanwhile, the VMSS receives the control information
from the control center via the same SMS. Next, the GPS-GSM VMSS sends
the information stored in the microcontroller via an RS-232 interface.
There are two ways to use
the VMSS’ alarm function, which can be signified by either a buzzer or
presented on LCD. The first way is to receive the command from the
control center; second way is to manually send the alarm information to
the control center with the push of a button.
The base station consists
of landline modem(s) and GIS workstation. The information about the
vehicle is received at a base station and is then displayed on a PC
based map. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the
Internet or specialized software. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
provides a current, spatial, visual representation of transit
operations. It is a special type of computerized database management
system in which geographic databases are related to one via a common set
of location coordinates.
STAGES OF VMSS
STAGE 1:
- Driver starts his trip from the transport office.
- VMSS transmits the Driver I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station.
STAGE 2:
- Taxi picks up the employee/passenger from their residence.
- VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station. Therefore base station will be able to keep a track of the vehicle and thus the employee/passenger.
STAGE 3:
- Taxi drops the employee/passenger to the workplace.
- VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station.
STAGE 4:
- Taxi picks the employee/passenger from the workplace.
- VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the Vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station. Therefore this enables the base station to estimate the time if required and also keep a track of the vehicle, passenger and the driver.
STAGE 5:
- Taxi drops the employee/passenger to their residence.
- VMSS transmits the Passenger I.D and the vehicle I.D along with the position of the vehicle to the base station and makes sure that the job is 100% complete.
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